Approval Details

Valid E.O.

Validity

This Executive Order approved the specified parts on on November 29, 1976.
As of Sunday, June 15th, 2025 this Executive Order has not been overturned or superceeded.

Approved Parts

Models
1977 and older vehicles EXCEPT with 1) Chrysler's Electronic Lean Burn System 2) Volvo's Three-Way Catalyst 3) Bosch Jetronic Fuel Injection Systems.

This Executive Order may be listed as:
  • C.A.R.B.E.O. D-9-4
  • Executive Order 9-4 / D9-4
  • ARB # D-9-4
  • Executive Order No: D-9-4
  • C.A.R.B. No. D-9-4
  • Resolution D-9-4
For Free CARB Executive Order Status verification, email an image of the device Executive Order label as well as the Year/Make/Model and Test Group # of the vehicle to [email protected]

Download: Executive Order D-9-4 PDF

D-9-4 Document:

CARB_D-9-4

State of Californmia ~o( udeys AIR RESOURCES BOARD [Foce EXECUTIVE ORDER D—9—4 Relating to Exemptions under Section 27156 of the Vehicle Code BALL—MATIC CORPDRATION "BALL—MATIC AIR INJECTOR" Pursuant to the authority vested in the Air Resources Board by Section 27156 of the Vehicle Code; and Pursuant to the authority vested in the undersigned by Section 39515 of the Health and Safety Code and Executive Order G—30A; IT IS ORDERED AND RESQLVED: That the installation of the "Ball—Matic Air Injector" manufactured by Ball—Matic Corporation of 1429 Palo Loma, Orange, California 926658 has been found to not reduce the effectiveness of required motor vehicle poliution control devices and, therefore,; is exempt from the prohibitions of Section 27156 of the Vehicle Code for 1977 and older vehicles except for those vehicles equipped with: (1) Chrysler‘s Electronic Lean Burn System (2) Yoivo‘s Three—Way Catalyst (3) Bosch Jetronic Fuel Injection Systems The device consists of an air modulating valve with a filter and is inserted between the PCY vailve and the intake manifold. This valve permits a small amount of additional air to snter the PCY line. This device can be identified by the name "Ball—Matic Air Injector" per— manently stamped at the bottom of the device housing. This Executive Order is valid provided that installation instructions for this device wili not recommend tuning the vehicle to specifications different from those listed by the vehicle manufacturer. Changes made to the design or operating conditions of the device, as exempted by the Air Resources Board, that adversely affect the per— formance of a vehicle‘s pollution contral system snal] invalidate this Executive Order. Marketing of this device using an fdentificatfon other than that shown in this Executive Order or marketing of this device for an application other than those lTisted in this Executive Order shall be prohibited unless prior approval is obtained from the Afr Resources Board. This Execitive Order does not constitute any opinion as to the effect that the use of this device may have on any warranty either expressed or implied by the vehicle manufacturer. THIS EXECUTIVE ORDER DOES NOT CONSTITITE A CERTIFICATIQN, ACCREDITATION, APPROVAL, OR ANY QTHER TYPE OF ENRDORSEMENT BY THE AIR RESOURCES BOARD OFf ANY CLAIMS OF THE APPLICANT CONCERNING ANMTI—POLLUTION BENEFITS OR ANY ALLEGED BENEFITS OF THE "BALL—MATIC" PEVICE.

No claim of any kind, such as "Approved by Air Resources Board" may be made with respect to the action taken herein in any advertising or other oral or written communication. Section 17500 of the Business and Professions Code makes untrue or mis— leading advertising unlawful, and Section 17534 makes violation punishable as a misdemeanor. Section 43644 of the Health and Safety Code provides as follows: "43644. (a) No person shall install, sell, offer for sale, or adver— tise, or, except in an application to the state board for certification of a device, represent, any device as a motor vehicle poliution control device for use on any used motor vehicle unless that device has been certified by the state board. No person shall sell, offer for sale, advertise, or represent any motor vehicle pollution control device as a certified device which, in fact, is not a certified device. Any violation of this subdivision is a misdemeanor." Any apparent violation of the conditions of this Executive Order will be sgbmltg?d to the Attorney General of Califormia for such action as he deems advisable. Executed at Sacramento, California, this ;;Zf L day of November, 1976. Original Signed By Thomas C. Austin Deputy Executive Officer—Technical

State of California AIR RESOURCES BOARD November 5, 1976 Evaluation of the Ball—Matic Corporation "Ball—Matic Air Injector" Device for Compliance with the Requirements of Section 27156 of the California Vehicle Code Introduction The Ball—Matic Corporation of 1429 Palo Loma, Orange, California 92668 has submitted an application requesting an extension to a previously granted exemption from the prohibitions of Section 27156 of the California Vehicle Code for the "Ball—Matic Air Injector". This application is for 1977 and older model—year vehicle usage. The Air Resources Board staff had previously evaluated this device (Staff Report dated November 18, 1975), and found that the device had no adverse effects on the vehicle emission control system. Executive Order D—9—3 was issued on November 4, 1975 to Ball—Matic Corporation for its "Ball—Matic Air Injector" for 1976 and older model—year vehicles. The applicant has requested that this exemp— tion be extended to include the 1977 vehicles (Exhibit A).

Evaluation of the Ball—Matic Corporation "Ball— Matic Air Injector" Device for Compliance with the Requirements of Section 27156 of the California Vehicle Code November 5, 1976 System Description and Function The "Bali—Matic" device consists of a filter, plastic ball, spring, and a metal housing with ports used to insert the device between the PCV vailve and carburetor. Exhibit B is a copy of the installa— tion instructions. The name "Ball—Matic Air Injector" is printed on a durable label pasted to the bottom of the device housing. The device has a modulating poppet which meters the quantity of air bleed into the engine. Engine manifold vacuum determines the degree of poppet opening. Maximum air flow occurs at low vécuum (high speed and wide open throttle) and minimum flow occurs at high vacuum (idle and deceleration)}. When the engine is not operating, the poppet is in the open position. III. System Evaluation A. Effects on the Vehicle Exhaust Emission Control Systems The Applicant stated that there was no change in the "Ball— Matic" device or its application. The ARB ran a bench flow test on the new device submitted {Fig. 1) and confirmed that the device flow characteristics were identical to the previously evaluated device.

Evaluation of the Balt—Matic Corporation "Ball— Matic Air Injector" Device for Compliance with the Requirements of Section 27156 of the California Vehicle Code November 5, 1976 The ARB Laboratory had previously conducted a bench flow test on tflé device and back—to—back CVS—II emission tests on a fleet of 1975 vehicles. The vehicles chosen all had small engines since these vehicles are most susceptible to the "air bleed" type of add—on device. The results of the above tests indicated the amount of air bleed allowed by the device was insignificant and consequently no adverse effect on exhaust emissions was detected in the above emission tests. The 1977 vehicle emission control systems are basically the same as the 1975 systems except for some vehicles which are equipped with mechanisms that make the engine extremely sensitive to air fuel mixture variations. These new systems include the Chrysler‘s Electronic Lean Burn System (ELB), Volvo‘s Three—Way Catalyst, and Bosch Jetronic Fuel Injection Systems. It is our judgement that the installation of the "Ball—Matic‘" device on the vehicles equipped with the above new exhaust emission control systems could adverse]y affect the engine performance and operation.

Evaluation of the Ball—Matic Corporation "Ball— Matic Air Injector" Device for Compliance with the Requirements of Section 27156 of the California Vehicle Code November 5, 1976 B. Manufacturer‘s Claims Exhibit C is a copy of the manufacturer‘s advertised claims on the device. The claims include "Gas saving up to 20%", "New found power, effortless cruising", "A cleaner more efficiently running engine with less carbon build—up". The staff believes the installation of the device will not provide the benefits claimed. On a typical small size engine the amount of air bleed allowed by the device is less than 1% of the air flow at all operating conditions. These air bleed rates will not significantly effect the air fuel ratio or manifold vacuum. In addition previous emission tests by the ARB Laboratory did not show significant improvement in the fuel economy of the vehicles tested when the "Ball—Matic‘ device was installed. The applicant could not substantiate the above claims except for testimonial letters which were not supported with engineering data. The applicant was notified by letter dated November 4, 1976 of ARB findings regarding the advertised benefits of the device. This letter also requested him to delete the afore— mentioned claims from the advertisement of the "Ball—Matic‘" device.

Evaluation of the Ball—Matic Corporation "Ball— Matic Air Injector" Device for Compliance with the Requirements of Section 27156 of the California Vehicle Code November 5, 1976 IV. Conclusion and Recommendation Evaluation of the "Ball—Matic" device showed that the installa— tion of the device on most 1977 vehicles will not adversely affect the exhaust emission control system. Therefore the staff recommends that the Ball—Matic Corporation be granted an exemption from the prohibition of MVC Section 27156 for 1977 and older vehicles except for those vehicles equipped with: (1) Chrysler‘s Electronic Lean Burn System (2) Volvo‘s Three—Way Catalyst (3) Bosch Jetronic Fuel Injection Systems

2.0 1.5 & 2 1.0 1 /,fIncreasing Vacuum & 0 t Decreasing Vacuum & < ols 1 I i Pbog 0 L. \ | +—c4~to— * ~g—pe 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 Vacuum in Inches~"of Hg. Fig. 1 Bench Flow Curve of Balmatic Device

BExhibli¢ #A ORANGE, CALIFORNIA 9260@ corme—omaTien (714) der=i780 1429 PALO LOMA 907476 bBG~§723 AIB RESOURCES BOARD 9528 TELESTAR AVE. SEPT. 7, 1976 EL MONIE, CALIP. 91731 ATTN: C. HASS DEAR SIR: PLEASE REVIEW OUR POSSIBILITES FOR AN EXTENZION OF YOUR EXECUTIVE ORDER D—9—3 (1976) and older vechiles OUR AIR BLEED VALVE(BALL—MATIC) IS STILL THE SAME IN EVERY RESPECT WITH NO CHANGES. WE ARE ABSTAINING FROM INSTALLATION OF THE VALNVE ON 1977 VECHILES UNYIL WE HEAR FROM YOU . — THANK YOU FOR YOUR COOPERATION IN THE PAST. YOURS VERY TRULY LONNIE w. SMI’I‘W pamnvim PRESIDENT

EXKIBIT C CONSERVE FUEL * HIGH PERFORMANCE FUEL SAVER Ball—Matic Air Injector We have in our files hundreds of letters GAS SsAvVINGS UP TO 20% from satisfied customers stating that the Ball—Matic Valve has increased their mileage up to 20% and in many cases even more. These letters are available to anyone who cares to see them. Many letters from our customers claim better performance, less maintenance, as well as better mileage. Why is the Ball—Matic Needed on Your Car? Carburetors are notoriously inef— &nt. Most carburetors are set at a 15 ratio of air to fuel. This is efficient up to about 35 M.P.H. At higher speeds, the combustion chamber demands more fuel. But the amount of air entering the chamber is fixed causing too rich a mix— Legal to install on all cars in the State of ture. The mixture does not burn com— California 1976 and older. pletely, resulting in gasoline waste and loss of power. The Ball—Matic was How do you install the Bail—Matic on designed to improve the mixture of air Your Car? Complete instructions come and fuel at all speeds. Results: Gas with the unit for all major automobile Savings And More Power For You! manufacturers, excluding Volkswagens. Doesit Work on Ail American Cars? Yes, What Have You Got to Gain? Amazing and anyone can install it on most cars in Gas Savings, Up to 20%! New found a few minutes. 1t works on your camper, power, effortless cruising, even up steep truck or boat engine! For Foreign cars hills or when hauling trailers, campers, see instruction sheets. etc. A cleaner, more efficiently running engine with less carbon build—up. Guarantee. The Ball—Matic is guaranteed |||| to be free from defects in workmanship L. ll BALL—MATIC and materials. Your authorized dealer Ill‘ will replace or refund full purchase price CORPORATION on any unit that is inoperative under Pat. No. 3809035 . — normal use for a period of up to one year (Issued 5/7/74) from date of purchase. 1429 PALO LOMA PLACE, ORANGE, CALIFORNIA 92669 TELEPHONE: (714) 633—8723

(Page 1 of 2) State of California AIR RESOURCES BOARD — EXECUTIVE ORDER D—9—5 Relating to Exemptions under Section 27156 of the Vehicle Code BALL—MATIC CORPORATION "BALL—MATIC AIR INJECTOR" Pursuant to the authority vested in the Air Resources Board by Section 27156 of the Vehicle Code; and Pursuant to the authority vested in the undersigned by Section 39515 of the Health and Safety Code and Executive Order G—30A; IT IS ORDERED AND RESOLVED: That the installation of the "Ball—Matic Air Injector" manufactured by Ball—Matic Corporation of 1429 Palo Loma, Orange, CA 92669, has been found to not reduce the effectiveness of required motor vehicle poliution control devices and, therefore, is exempt from the prohibitions of Section 27156 of the Vehicle Code for 1978 and older vehicles except for those vehicles equipped with: {1) Chrysler‘s Electronic Lean Burn System (2) Volvo‘s Three—Way Catalyst .(3) K and L Bosch Jetronic Fuel Injection Systems (4) Variable Venturi Carburetor Systems The device consists of an air modulating valve with a filter and is inserted between the PCV valve and the intake manifold. This valve permits a small amount of additional air to enter the PCV line. This device can be identified by the name "Ball—Matic Air Injector" permanently stamped at the bottom of the device housing. This Executive Order is valid provided that installation instructions for this device will not recommend tuning the vehicle to specifications different from those listed by the vehicle manufacturer. Changes made to the design or operating conditions of the device, as exempted by the Air Resources Board, that adversely affect the per— formance of a vehicle‘s pollution control system shall invalidate this Executive Order. Marketing of this device using an identification other than that shown in this Executive Order or marketing of this device for an application cther than those lTisted in this Executive Order shall be prohibited unless prior approval is obtained from the Air Resources Board. This Executive Order does not constitute any opinion as to the effect that the use of this device may have on any warranty either expressed or_ implied by the vehicle manufacturer. eomememimmemicmmmm

BALL—MATIC CORPORATION j EXECUTIVE ORDER D~9—5 . > (Page 2 of 2) THIS EXECUTIVE ORDER DOES NOT CONSTITUTE A CERTIFICATION, ACCREDITATION, APPROVAL, OR ANY OTHER TYPE OF ENDORSEMENT BY THE AIR RESOURCES BOARD OFf ANY CLAIMS OF THE APPLICANT CONCERNING ANTI—POLLUTION BENEFITS OR ANY ALLEGED BENEFITS OF THE "BALL—MATIC AIR INJECTOR® DEVICE. Section 17500 of the Business and Professions Code makes untrue or mis— leading advertising unlawful, and Section 17534 makes violation punishable as a misdemeanor. Section 43644 of the Health and Safety Code provides as follows: "43644. (a)} No person shall install, sell, offer for sale, or advertise, or, except in an application to the state board for certification of a device, represent, any device as a motor vehicle pollution control device for use on any used motor vehicle unless that device has been certified by the state board. No person shall sell, offer for sale, advertise, or represent any motor. yehicle po]]ut1on control device as a certified device which, in fact, is not a certified dev1ce. Any violation of this subdivision is a misdemeanor." 109 Any apparent violation of the conditions of this Executive Order will be submitted to the Attorney General of Californta for such action as he deems advisable. Executed at Sacramento, California, th1s C> day of September; 1977. mustm . Deputy Executive Officer ommrememermsmymmn

State of California AIR RESQURCES BOARD September 19, 1977 Evaluation of the Ball—Matic Corporation "Ball—Matic Air Injector" Device for Compliance with the Requirements of Section 27156 of the — California Vehicle Code Introduction The'Béi]-Mafic:Corporation,of 1429 Palo Loma, Orange, California 92669 thas submitted an application requesting an extension of a previously granted exemption from the prohibitions of Section 27156 of the California Vehicle Code for the "Ball—Matic Air Injector" for the 1978 and ofder model year vehicles. Section 27156 of the Vehicle Code prohibits the advertisement, sale and instai1ation of any device or mechanism which reduces the effectiveness of the motor vehicle emission control system. The Air Resources Board (ARB) staff had evaluated this device previously (Staff Report dated November 5, 1576) and'found the device had no adverse effects on the emission control system. Executive Order O—9—4 was issued on November 29} 1976 to Ball—Matic Corporation for its "Ball~Matic Air Injector" for 1977 and older model—year véhicles. The _ applicant has requested that this exemptfon be extended to include the 1978 mode] year vehicles. (Exhibit A).

11. System Description and Function The "Ball—Matic‘" device consists of a filter, plastic ball, spring, and a metal housing with parts used to insert the device between the PCV valve and carburetor. The name "Ball—Matic Air Injector" is printed on a durable Tabe] pasted to the bottom of the device housing. According to the applicant, this device is designed to improve fuel economy and engine performance. The device has a modq]ating poppet which meters the quantity of air bleed into the engine. Engine manifu]d vacuum determines fhe degree of poppet opening. Maximum air flow (1.5 SCFM) occurs at low vacuum {~3 in. Hg, high speed and wide open throttie) and minimum flow (0.1 SCFM) occurs at high vacuum (~18 in. Hg, idle and deceleration}. When the engine is not operating, the poppet is in the open position. 111. System Evaluation , The applicant states that there is no change in the unit or its application. .CVS—75 emission tests made by the ARB laboratory on a 1975 Pinto, a Yega and a Datsun did not show a significant increase in emissions. (Reference ARB Report titied Evaluation of the Ball—Matic Air Injector Device for Compifance with the Requirements of Section 27156 of the California _ Vehicle Code dated September 10, 1975) the vehicles chosen all had small engines since these are most susceptible to the "air bleed" type of add—on devices. The emission results of these tests are as follows:

Vehicle Emisstons (grams/mile) Fuel Economy miles/gal Baseline With Device Baseline With Device mC cCO Nox C co Nox: 1975 Ford Pinto (1) 0.3 2.6 2.0 0.3 2.6 2.1 18.0 17.8 — (2) 0.2 2.4 1.1 0.2 3.0 1.1 13.6 14.7 (2) 0.2 2.9 1.0 0.3 3.7 1.0 13.8 13.8 1975 Datsun 0.3 3.0 2.0 0.3 1.5 1.7 20.1 22.2 1975 Vega 0.4 6.9 1.6 0.5 6.2 I1.6 17.2 17.0 Overall Averages 0.3 4.0 1.5 0.3 3.4 1.5 16.5 17.1 (1) License #194LVF (2) License # 195LVF (2 tests) These results are within experimental variations although some anomaites were apparent. The average of all available data indicated there was no significant effect on emissions with the device. Bench flow tegts on the valive showed a max%mum flow rate of 0.1 cubic feet a minute for 18 inchés mercury vacuum and 1.5 cubic feet a minute for 3 inches mercury vacuum. The ARB staff felt that there—was no need to run bench flow or emission tests ofi the device since the device flow characteristics were found to be identical when it was tested a seéond time. (Reference ARB Report titled "Evaluation of the Ball—Matic Corporation". "Ball—Matic Air Injector" Device for Compliance with the Requirements of Section 27156 of the California Vehicle Code dated November 5, 1976}. The amount of air bleed allowed by the device was insignificant and con— sequently no adverse effect on exhaust emissions was detected in the above emission tests.

The 1978 vehicle emission control systems are basically the same as the 1977 systems except for some vehicles which are equipped with mechanisms that make the engine extremely sensitive to air fuel mixture variations. These new systems include the Chrysler‘s Electronic Lean Burn System (ELB), Volvo‘s three—way Catalyst, and Bosch Jetronic Fuel Injection System and the Variable Venturi Carburetor System. It is the staff‘s judgment that the installation of the fiBall-Matic" device on the vehicles equipped with the above new exhaust emission control systems could adversely affect the engine performance and operation. IV. Manufacturer‘s Claims The staff believes the installation of the device will not provide the . fuel economy claims. On a typical small size engine the amount of air bleed allowed by the device is less than 1% of the air flow at all operating conditions. These air bleed rates will not significantly affect the air—fuel ratio or manifold vacuum. In addition prevfous emission tests by the ARB Laboratory did not show significant improvement in the fuel economy of the vehicles tested when the "Ball—Matic" device was installed. (Reference ARB Report titled "Evaluation of the Ball— Matic Corporation "Ball—Matic Air Injector" device for Compliance with the Requirements of Section 27156 of the California Vehicle Code dated November 5, 1976.) Conclusions and Recommendations The staff is of the obinion that the installation of this devfce would not affect the performance of the emission control system.

Therefore the staff recommends that the "Ball—Matic" Corporation be granted an exemption from the prohibitions of MVC Section 27156 for 1978 and older vehicles except for those vehicles equipped with: 1) Chrysler‘s Electronic Lean Burn (ELB) System 2) Volvo‘s three—way catalyst , 3) Bésch Jetronic Fuel Injection Systems 4) Variable Venturi Carburetor Systems The staff therefore recommends adoption of Executive Order D—9—5.

(Page 1 of 2) State of California AIR RESQURCES BOARD EXECUTIVE ORDER D—9—6 . Relating to Exemptions under Section 27156 of the Vehicle Code BALL—MATIC CORPORATION "BALL—MATIC AIR INJECTOR" Pursuant to the authority vested in the Air Resources Board by Section 27156 of the Vehicle Code; and Pursuant to the authority vested in the undersigned by Sections 39515 and 39516 of the Health and Safety Code and Executive Order G—45—5; IT IS ORDERED AND RESOLVED: That the installation of the "Ball—Matic Air Injector" manufactured by Ball—Matic Corporation of 1429 Palo Loma, Orange, California 92669, has been found to not reduce the effectiveness of required motor vehicle pollution control devices and, therefore, is exempt from the prohibitions of Section 27156 of the Vehicle Code for 1979 and older vehicles except for those vehicles equipped with: 1. Three way catalyst with feed back system. 2. Fuel injection systems. 3. Variable venturi carburetor systems. The device consists of an air modulating valve with a filter and is inserted into the PCV line. This valve permits a small amount of additional air to enter the PCV line. This device can be identified by the name "Ball—Matic Air Injector" permanently stamped at the bottom of the device housing. This Executive Order is valid provided that installation instructions for this device will not recommend tuning the vehicle to specifications different from those listed by the vehicle manufacturer. & Changes made to the design or operating conditions of the device, as exempted by the Air Resources Board, that adversely affect the per— formance of a vehicle‘s pollution control system shall invalidate this Executive Order. Marketing of this device using an identification other than that shown in this Executive Order or marketing of this device for an application other than those listed in this Executive Order shall be prohibited unless prior approval is obtained from the Air Resources Board. This Executive Order does not constitute any opinfon as to the effect that the use of this device may have on any warranty either expressed or implied by the vehicle manufacturer.

BALL—MATIC CORPORATION EXECUTIVE ORDER D—9—6 "BALL—MATIC AIR INJECTOR" (Page 2 of 2) THIS EXECUTIVE ORDER DOES NOT CONSTITUTE A CERTIFICATION, ACCREDITATION, APPROVAL, OR ANY OTHER TYPE OF ENDORSEMENT BY THE AIR RESOURCES BOARD OF ANY CLAIMS OF THE APPLICANT CONCERNING ANTI—POLLUTION BENEFITS OR ANY ALLEGED BENEFITS OF THE "Ball—Matic Air Injector" device. No claim of any kind, such as "Approved by Air Resources Board" may be made with respect to the action taken herein in any advertising or other oral or written communication. Section 17500 of the Business and Profess1ons Code makes untrue or mis— leading advertising unlawful, and Section 17534 makes violation punishable as a misdemeanor. Section 43644 of the Health and Safety Code provides as follows: "43644. (a) No person shall install, sell, offer for sale, or advertise, or, except in an application to the state board for certification of a device, represent, any device as a motor vehicle poliution control device for use on any used motor vehicle unless that device has been certified by the state board. No person shall sell, offer for sale, advertise, or represent any motor vehicle pollution control device as a certified device which, in fact, is not a certified device. Any violation of this subdivision is a misdemeanor." Any apparent violation of the conditions of this Executive Order will be submitted to the Attorney General of California for such action as he deems advisable. Executive Order D—9—5 dated October 20, 1978, is superseded and of no further force and effect. Executed at El Monte, California, this 5;_5; day of November, 1978. ‘/G? Hass, Chief Vehicle Emissions Control Division

State of California AIR RESOURCES BOARD November 1, 1978 Evaluation of the Ball—Matic Corporation "Ball—Matic Air Injector" Device for Compliance with the Requirements of Section 27156 of the \—California Vehicle Code Introduction The Ball—Matic Corporation of 1429 Palo Loma, Orange, California 92669 has submitted an application requestiggaan extension of a previously granted exemption from the prohibitions of Section 27156 of the California Vehicle Code for the "Ball—Matic Air In— jector" for the 1978 and older model year vehicles. Section 27156 of the Vehicle Code prohibits the advertisement, sale and installa— tion of any device or mechanism which reduces the effectiveness of the motor vehicle emission control system. The Air Resources Board (ARB) staff had evaluated this device pre— viously (Staff Report dated September 19, 1977) and found the device had no adverse effects on the emission control system. Executive Order D—9—5 was issued on October 20, 1977 to Ball—Matic Corporation for its "Ball—Matic Air Injector" for 1978 and older model—year vehicles with certain exceptiofis. The applicant has requested that this exemption be extended to include the 1979 model year vehicles. {Exhibit A).

BALL—MATIC CORPORATION EXECUTIVE ORDER D—9—6 "BALL—MATIC AIR INJECTOR" (Page 2 of 2) THIS EXECUTIVE ORDER DOES NOT CONSTITUTE A CERTIFICATION, ACCREDITATION, APPROVAL, OR ANY OTHER TYPE OF ENDORSEMENT BY THE AIR RESOURCES BOARD OF ANY CLAIMS OF THE APPLICANT CONCERNING ANTI—POLLUTION BENEFITS OR ANY ALLEGED BENEFITS OF THE "Ball—Matic Air Injector" device. No claim of any kind, such as "Approved by Air Resources Board" may be made with respect to the action taken herein in any advertising or other oral or written communication. Section 17500 of the Business and Professions Code makes untrue or mis— leading advertising unlawful, and Section 17534 makes violation punishable as a misdemeanor. Section 43644 of the Health and Safety Code provides as follows: "43644. (a) No person shall install, sell, offer for sale, or advertise, or, except in an application to the state board for certification of a device, represent, any device as a motor vehicle pollution control device for use on any used motor vehicle unless that device has been certified by the state board. No person shall sell, offer for sale, advertise, or represent any motor vehicle pollution control device as a certified device which, in fact, is not a certified device. Any violation of this subdivistion is a misdemeanor." Any apparent violation of the conditions of this Executive Order will be submitted to the Attorney General of California for such action as he deems advisable. Executive Order D—9—5 dated October 20, 1978, is superseded and of no further force and effect. Executed at El Monte, California, this fig—j; day of November, 1978. ‘/Gfi Hass, Chief Vehicle Emissions Control Division

ia a t e o f Ca1iforfi s t ES BOAR D AIR RESOURC 1. 1978 November p oration B a \ \ — M atfic Cor Cotmpliance e on of th tor“ Device 10 ¢ 56 of the Evaluati I njec 211 tic ir Section “Ba\\-Ma Requirements of icle Code with the ia Yeh Ca\iforn carifornia ges n t r o d u c t ion al o Lo mas Oran l of 1429 p f a ic C or p oration a n e x t ens10n o —Mat questi The Ba\\ \ i c ation re a P p c tion a s s u b m i tted an b ib i jt i ons of Se g2669 h the pr o e x e m p t i® n from M a t ic M y In — a nt e d g a 1 1 — or the » \y g r previous n i c l e Code f 27156 C a 1 i f o rnia V e h c l e s > Section the ar vehi 27156 of e r model ye alla~ e 1 9 7 g and g i d s a l e and inst for t h jector“ ess of t h e e f fectiven d uces of the h a n i s m which re c ce O" me o f any devi em. t i o n 0 n c o n t rol sys t emiss1 Eé~ m o t o r vehicle s device Pr ih e t e 4 t hi evalua R B ) s taf £ had device c e s B c a rd ( A ) a n d f ound the The hir Re sou r ptembe y 19. 1977 e e p o r t d a t e d S e Executiv (Sta f f R vious1Y rporation o lder mo del—year Order D— g —5 W f o r 1 9 78 and o Air Inje ctor“ d that 1 — M a t ic n t h a s requeste for its nga{ app\ica ti ons . The icles> h c er t ain e x ce p m o d e l Y ear ven venic les wit he 1979 e d t o i nclude t exten d P tion be this exem

‘———_—-_——__——__—-__—-_-——_-______““—————-. 11. System Description and Function The "Ball—Matic"‘ device consists of a filter, plastic ball, spring, and a metal housing with parts used to insert the device into the PCV Tine. The name fiBa11-Matic Air Injector" is printed on a durable label pasted to the bottom of the device housing. According to the applicant, this device is designed to improve fuel economy and engine performance. The device has a modulating poppet which meters a quantity of air bleed into the engine. Engine manifold vacuum determines the degree — of poppet opening. A valve pruchased by the Air Resources Board in \ the open market showed a maximum air flow of (1.0 SCFM) at 7 in. Hg. vacuum and no flow above 7 in. Hg. vacuum (see flow curve). As the vacuum decreases below 7 in. Hg. vacuum the air flow decreases very rapidly. III. System Evaluation The applicant states that there is no change in the unit or its application. CVS—75 emission tests made by the ARB laboratory on a 1975 Pinto, a Vega and a Datsun did not_show a significant increase in emissions. (Reference ARB Report titled Evaluation of the Ball—~ Matic Air Injector Device for Compliance with the Requirements of Section 27156 of fihe Calffornia Yehicle Code dated September 19, 1975) The vehicles chosen all had small engines since these are most sus— ceptible to the "air bleed" type of add—on devices. The emission results of these tests were as follows:

Emissions (grams/mile) ' Baseline With Device Fue! Economy miles/ga Vehicle KC CO NOx HC CO NOx Baseline MWith Devio 1975 Ford Pinto (1) 0.3 2.6 2.0 0.3 2.6 2.1 18.0 17.8 ‘ (2) 0.2 2.4 1.1 0.2 3.0 1.1 13.6. 14.7 (2) 0.2 2.9 1.0 0.3 3.7 1.0 13.8 13.8 1975 Datsun 0.3 3.0 2.0 0.3 1.5 1.7 20.1 22.2 1975 Vega 0.4 6.9 1.2 0.5 6.2 1.6 17.2 17.0 Qverall Averages 0.3 4.0 1.5 8.3 3.4 1.5 16.5 17.1 {1) License # 194LVF {(2) License # 195LVF (2 tests) These results are within experimental variations although some . anomalies were apparent. The average of all available data indicated there was no significant effect on emissions with the device. in order to update the previous report, the Air Resources Board purchased a valve in fhe open fiarket. Bench flow tests on this vaive showed a maximum flow rate of 1.0 cubic feet a minute for 7 inches mercury vacuum and no fldw above 7 inches mercury vacuum. The ARB staff felt that there was no need to run emission tests on the device since the device flow characteristics would have no significant effect on emissions. Attached is a table showing air flows at various modes for different sized engines {column 4). FSince the greatest effect of this valve would be on small engines, the data forlthe 0—140 cubic inch engines will be considered. At 7 inches of mercury vacuum the air flow would be approximately 18 cubic feet per minute or .073 lbs per cubic ft x 18 equals 1.3 lbs. of air. Assuming an air fuel ratio of 14.5, this will give .09 lbs. of fuel. With this device we would have 19 cubic feet of air or 1.387—lbs. of air. Divided by .09 lbs. of fuel

gives 15.4 air fuel ratio. Since the air flow decreases very rapidly at vacuums below 7 in. of Hg. vacuum, the effect of the air—fuel ratio change on a CVS—75 test would be negligible. In addition, in many vehicles the power jet is activated at these vacuums and this would tend to eliminate any effect of the additional air. This is also true for the Chrysler lean burn engines and the staff is of the opinion that the effect would also be negligible. The 1979 vehicle emission control systems are basically the same as the 1978 systems including some vehicles which are equipped with ° mechanisms that make the engine extremely sensitive to air—fuel mix— ture variations. These new systems include VaTvo‘s.three-way catalyst, the Bosch Jetronic Fuel Injection System, and the Variable Vénturi Carburetor Syétem. In the absence of any contrary data, it is the staff‘s judgment that the installation of the "Ball—Matic" device on the vehicles equipped with thé above exhaust emission control systems could adversely affect the engine performancé and operation. IV. Manufacturer‘s Claims The staff believes the installation of the device will not provide the fuel economy claims. On a typical small size engine the amount of air bleed allowed by the device is negligible at‘operating conditions above 7 in. Hg vacuum. At less than 7 in of Hg. vacuum the power jet is usually in operation which enriches the air fuel mix. The small amount of additional air would not significantly effect the air—fuel ratio. In addition previous emission tests by the ARB

Laboratory did not show significant improvement in the fuel economy of the vehicles tested when the "Ball—Matic" device was installed. (Reference ARB Report titled "Evaluation of the BalT—Matic Corproation "Ball Matic Air Injector" device for Compliance with the Requirements of Section 27156 of the California Vehicle Code dated November 5, 1978). _ Conclusions and Recommendations The staff fs of the opinion that the installation of this device would not affect the performance of the conventional emission control system ‘ and therefore recommends that the "Ball—Matic" Corporation be granted an exemption from the prohibitions of MVC Section 27156 for 1979 and older vehicles except for those vehicles equipped with: 1. Three—way catalyst with feed back system. 2. Bosch Jetronic Fuel Injection Systems. 3. Vafiab1e Venturi Carburetor Systems. The staff therefore recommends adoption of Executive Order D—9—6.

Ex en Bit 4A ll:‘!«',{ / AT,M@ #HANORIHIDEONstpEREH \«@ ORANGE, CALIFORNIA 92688 MTTCC OO C ELE A.C. 714— 633 —8723 ORANGE, CALIF. AIR RESOURCES BOARD ’ AUC. 21, 1978 9528 TELESTAR AVE. EL MONTZ, CALIF. 91731 — MB: G. HASS DEAR SIR: PLEASE BEVIEW OUR POSSIBILITES FOR AN EXTENSION OFP YOUR EXECUTIVE ORDER P—9—5 (1978 AND OLDER VEHICLES), OUR AIr BLEED VALVE (BALL—MATIC),.IS STILL THE SAME IN EVERY RESPECT WITH NO CHANCES SINCE IAST YBAR.I AM ENCLOSING A COPY OP A TEST RUN BY CHRYSLER CORP. WHICK Was INSTALLED ON A NEW CHRYSLER LEAN BURN, WHICH LAST YEAR YOU REQUESTED THAT WE NOT INS®ALL ON THESE CARS. THE TEST APPEARED TO PO NO HARM AS FAR AS EMISSTONS Go. YOURS VERY TRULY LONNIE w. SMITH . PaFSs. P.S. BOB VAN DERVEER (MANAGER) RAN THIS TEST FOR ME.

'l’ . [!fl/i/, ate o e t oge age h ofe e e d o o e e ie ie e ake oi ol h ol c s o uoi te e cb t oke d ohe k e o e ol c e ol e ol o o o o o e se e ie o ake ohs o e e ce mt c e ie e t e * * CHEYSLFFR COPPOFATION US CPIVINC CYCLE EMISSION 1E5% ErSULTS VEENON CA+— EMISSION TEST LAPOEATOFY SPECIAL TRST SsINCLE FAG PROCFIURE TEST DATE 7.19.78. V L +N+ 7550 . TEST NO — 433 + MODEL CH4S . C1ID 318. TEANS AUT 0T Om 4778 » BEY BULB 1EMP B4. WET BULBR 1EMP 712 + K FACTOP 1 @120 BAPOMETER IN OF HG APS. 29.84 TIME OF TEST 1030. HPS DFL1A P IN HG 3.03 HRL HUMIDITY 55.9 —% FLOW AS C.F—PFR FERV 0.2805 INLFT TEMP 95.0 . FEMISSION CFAMS PER MILE * HC FID 0—04 7»5000 CO NPIF 06.29 n.noga CO2 NBIL 457. 1P 2. 4140 CHEMLU iox uk 66. Dyn.00O00 101AL IfVOLUTION® 18929 +» IIMk 1N SFCONLS 765« K000 pISTANCE IN MILERS 10. 4300 EPA BUEL ECONOMY 19. 39 COMPUTEED BY R1V» ON 077219778 AT 13:26CE1 aie o e e e e ie ode akeade e d ks ie ds o o oi o o o e o e e age t ode ol o ol e d ud oi ol o e e ote ol o ol e e e o e ie m e oc ode d age ode o o e ie e ie ate l ks ol d i e ol oke * # Auazkerl [&

Load ce eb o n k o e t o e e c d ode e oi i e h e d e k d e c e e e d t d e e e c db d i e d db d d t db d d d kc 4 db 4ohb sb # 4 CHPYSLEL COPPOERATIQNY US PREVINC CYCLE EMISSION 1EST FFSULTS VEPNON CA. FMISSION TRST LAROFATOFY SPFCIAL TEST —— SINCLE BAG PEOCEPUPF TEST DATE 7.19.78. V e I «N + ‘ 7550. IFST NO — 433. MOEFL CH4S. CID 318. IFANS AUT OEOm 4778 » URY BULb TFMP 84+ WRI BULB 1}MF 72+ K FACTOR 1 .120 EAPOMETFR IN OF HG ABS. 29.44° TIME OR TEST 1030. _ HFS DELIA P IN HG 3.03 FEL HUMILITY 55.9 % FLOW AS C.F.PER EEV 0.280§ INLFT1 TFMP O9S.0 . EMISS1ON cBAms PFP MILF C FID 0.04 7.s000 CO NDIF 0o .29 n.0024 cor NBIR 457. 08 p.a160 — CHFMLU NOX 2g63 118.0000 TOTAL REVOLYTIONS 159297. TIMF IN SFCONDS 7e5.9000 DIS1ANCE IN MILEFS 10. 4300 BPA BUHI, RCUONOMY 19 » 32 COMPCOTHL BY R1V» ON 07Z197 78 Al P3 : 3PCHT #****4‘*’k*#*'**"**‘.‘***'**‘f**"'"’*#"#**%**U***!'**i*’**##k#'*."t‘*tl.- * * e

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Six * asoline=—Saving‘Lad gSets h netpesee comenepeg,xn t C © Most people stop believing in genies and tooth fairies long simulated city driving, with its frequent stops and starts, by before they‘re old enough to drive a car. Yet some motorists driving a one—mile course at an average of 18 mph. Our 55— continue to buy various "miracle" devices that are supposed mph constant—speed test simulated a long trip on an interstate to "Jet assist" a car‘s engine, "convert air into energy," or . highway. We ran yet another test on a 33—mile segment of our "bombard" gasoline with "pre—ionized radiant energy" to 195—mile test trip, at speeds up to 55 mph and at an average save gasoline. of—45 mph; the route included hills, curves, and several None of the many such devices we‘ve tested in past years traffic lights and stop signs. We performed enough tests so has even come close to living up to the claims. Neverthcless, that a statistically significant improvement—as little as !4 we tried again, with the six gadgets described in this report. mpg—would have shown up. The gadgets, whose prices range from $2.95 to $30, are of Since the claims made for the six gadgets would be par— four basic types: air—bleed valves, which add extra air to the ticularly tempting to the owner of a gasoline—guzzling car, we air—fuel mixture; an ignition spark intensifier; a fuel—pressure bought as our test vehicle a used 1972 Pontiac LeMans sta— regulator; and a capacitive—discharge (CD) ignition system. tion wagon with a 350—cubic—inch V8 and an automatic trans— The ads for the six gadgets promise a plethora of benefits, mission, We checked the car thoroughly, gave it a major including easier engine starting, smoother running, "blazing" tune—up, and equipped it with our highly accurate fuel—mile— pick—up. fonger engine life, and reduced emissions. But since age test equipment. We kept variables to a minimum by the main thrust of the ads is more miles per gallon or per running each test without the gadget and then—on the same tankful, we restricted our tests to fuel—economy runs, We day and with the same driver—with the gadget installed, We | [ || i| | | Ram—Jet Supercharger Ball—Matic Air Injector Spark Master Intensifier Price: $13—15. Other names: Turbo—Dyne Energy Cham— Price: $2.95. Distributors: Almquist Mfg., NYC, Con— ber. G—R Gas Saver Valve. Distributors: J.C. Whitney & Co., Chicago. sumers Co—Operative Service, Chicago. Price: $13—16. Triamics Corp., Riverdale, NJ. Endura Products, Cleveland. KM Enter— Distributors: Pratt—American Div., Ameri— What is it? A plastic—covered device that prises, Chicago. RJ Supercharger, NYC. can Consumer Inc., Philadelphia. C. I. plugs into the center of the ignition dis— What is it? An air—bleed valve that is in— Ene:gy Development Inc., Tarzana, Calif. tributor cap. An air gap in the circuit stalled in the rubber hose between the What is it? An air—bleed valve that con— inside the device is supposed to give a positive—crankcase—ventilation (PCV) valve nects to the intake manifold or to the PCV hotter spark. and the engine intake system. It is sup— port on the carburetor. It claims to work Gasoline—mileage claim: Up to 15 percent posed to allow additional air to enter be— on a principle similar to that of the Ram— more gasoline mileage. low the carburetor during conditions such Jet Supercharger, preceding. The sales CU‘s test results: No significant change in as acceleration and hill—climbing. The ads pitch includes an endorsement by former gasoline mileage. claim that, under such conditions, the car— astronaut Gordon Cooper. buretor normally mixes too little air with Gasoline—mileage claim: Up to almost the gasoline, thus wasting gasoline. twice the mileage. Gasoline—milenge claim: Up to 50 extra CU‘s test results; No significant change in miles per tonkful. . gasoline mileage. .U’s test results: No significant change in asoline mileage. 630 NOVEMBER 1978 b

drove 4500 miles and used 360 gallons of gasoline during save fuel is by driving properly. Some years ago we ran gaso— " * project. line—mileage tests with a 1974 Dodge Coronet V8. We drove ‘iota that some of the gadgets are marketed under several the car aggressively on an 18—mile commuting trip that in— erent names and by several distributors. From the de— cluded stops and starts. Then we repeated the trip but drove scriptions and the photographs, you should be able to iden— carefully. In virtually the same driving time, we averaged tify essentially similar gadgets, even if they are marketed 8.9 mpg on the first trip and 16.6 mpg—almost twice the under still other names. mileage~on the second trip. Here are some economy tips: RECOMMENDATIONS After starting a cold engine, be ready to drive off at mod— When you‘re thinking of buying any product—and especially crate speed as soon as the engine is running smoothly. Obvi— a gadget that promises to turn a gasoline guzzler into an ously, a car gets zero mpg at idle. Further, when the engine is economy car~we suggest that you take guidance from the cold and the choke is on, fuel consumption is very high. following—rule of thumb:If the claim seems too good to be—. Driving off immediately, rather than idling, warms up the lieve, don‘t believe it. engine more quickly, Avoid fast starts and hard braking. Try None of the six tested devices affected the gasoline mileage to anticipate traffic conditions so you can keep braking and of our Pontiac test car measurably under any driving condi— accelcration to a minimum. Maintain steady, moderate tions. We didn‘t bother to test the other claims made for the speeds on the highway; high speeds cost gasoline. Keep your gadgets, and we don‘t think that anyone should take those right foot as steady as possible on the accelerator pedal. claims seriously. The condition of your car is important. Keep the engine in The only possible exception is the capacitive—discharge ig— good tunc; a misfiring spark plug or a clogged air fiter can nition, It might make spark plugs and distributor points last waste lots of fuel. Keep your tires properly inflated, Use the fonger—but it wouldbe a long time before the saving thus air—conditioner as little as possible. Don‘t use the trunk as a made would equal the cost of the device and its installation. storage compartment; extra weight wastes fuel, A roof rack Actually, you can increase your car‘s gasoline mileage causes considerable wind resistance. If you have a removable dramatically without adding any gadgets. The best way to rack, leave it off when you‘re not using it. Capacitive Discharge Electronic Supercharger Super Energy Cell Ignition System Other name: Sol—R—Volt Electronic Radia— Price: $7 for domestic cars, $8 for foreizn Price: $30. tion Injector & Engine Powerizer. cars. Distributor: J.C. Whitney & Co., Chicago. Price: $10. Distributors: J.C. Whitney & Co., Chicago. What is if? An electronic ignition device, Distributors: J. C. Whitney & Co., Chi— Milemaster, Exeland, Wis. connected between the distributor and the cago, Sotar—Volt Co., Fullerton, Calif. What is if? A fuel—pressure regulator in— coil, that stores and generates electrical What is it? A device that replaces the stalled between the fuel pump and car— energy to fire the spark plugs. A capaci— rotor in the ignition distributor. Despite buretor. The device is supposed to limit the tive—discharge system provides the same a printed circuit board and other dress—up fuel pressure and prevent too much gaso— amount of electrical energy at all engine features, it performs the same basic func— line from being pumped into the carbu— speeds; a conventional ignition system tion as the rotor. retor at high speed. Installation requires delivers less energy at high engine speeds. cutting the fuel line. Gasoline—mileage claim: 15 to 35 percent Gasoline—mileage elaim: 10 percent more more gasoline mileage. Gasoline—mileage claim; Up to 20 to 25 gasoline mileage "is typical." percent less gasoline consumption. CU‘s test results: No significant change in C€U‘s test results: No significant change in gasoline mileage. CU‘s test results; No significant change in gasoline mileage (but see the Recommen— gasoline mileage. w dations, above}. CONSUMER REPORTS


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